Skinning uphill is an essential skill for backcountry skiers and alpine adventurers. It combines endurance, technique, and proper gear to make uphill travel efficient, safe, and enjoyable. Whether you’re preparing for a backcountry tour or simply want to experience the joy of earning your turns, understanding the basics of skinning uphill is vital. This guide will take you through the necessary steps to get started, from selecting the right equipment to mastering technique and safety tips. By the end, you’ll be ready to tackle your first uphill adventure with confidence.
What Is Skinning Uphill?
Definition and Concept
Skinning uphill is the technique used to ascend snowy slopes while skiing. The term “skin” refers to the special traction material (often made from mohair or nylon) that attaches to the base of the ski to provide grip. This allows skiers to climb up steep slopes without sliding backward, a vital skill for backcountry skiing or mountaineering.
Why Skinning Uphill is Important
Skinning uphill opens up access to pristine backcountry areas, providing the opportunity to ski untracked terrain. It also offers an incredible workout, challenging the cardiovascular system while strengthening legs and core muscles.
Essential Gear for Skinning Uphill
Skis and Bindings
For uphill skinning, you’ll need skis equipped with specialized bindings. These bindings must be lightweight, adjustable, and compatible with climbing skins. Many modern bindings feature a “touring” mode that allows the heel to be free for climbing but locks in for downhill descents.
Climbing Skins
Climbing skins are crucial for uphill travel. They are attached to the base of the skis and provide traction to prevent sliding backward on the snow. The best skins are made from a combination of mohair and nylon, offering a balance between grip and glide.
Ski Boots
Ski boots designed for uphill skinning are lighter and more flexible than traditional alpine boots. They feature a “walk” mode that allows for greater ankle mobility during the ascent. Make sure your boots are compatible with your bindings and comfortable for long periods of use.
Poles
Adjustable poles are recommended for skinning. You’ll want poles that are lightweight yet sturdy, as they’ll be used to assist in maintaining balance and rhythm during the climb. Look for poles with ergonomic grips and straps for maximum comfort.
Apparel and Accessories
Dress in layers to adjust your clothing based on your body temperature. Avoid cotton, as it retains moisture. Instead, choose moisture-wicking materials that dry quickly. Additionally, ensure you wear a helmet, goggles, and gloves to protect against the elements.
Techniques for Skinning Uphill
The Proper Stance
The correct stance while skinning uphill is essential for efficiency. Keep your knees slightly bent and your body slightly forward. This allows you to keep your weight centered over the skis and avoid tiring too quickly. A lower stance will help you maintain balance and conserve energy.
Efficient Stride
Take small, consistent steps while climbing. Avoid long strides, as they can lead to unnecessary fatigue. Instead, aim for a steady rhythm to preserve energy over long climbs. Flex your knees and hips to engage your muscles fully and reduce the strain on your joints.
Edge Control and Glide
Maintain proper edge control to ensure you’re not slipping sideways. As you ascend, adjust the angle of your skis to match the steepness of the slope. A slight inward edge will help you stay balanced while maximizing traction. Make sure your skins are in good condition to prevent slipping and enhance glide.
Choosing the Right Location for Skinning Uphill
Selecting the Right Terrain
Choose terrain with a moderate slope, especially when you’re starting. Too steep of an incline can be overwhelming and difficult to skin up. Opt for a terrain with minimal obstacles like rocks and trees. Backcountry ski areas typically offer dedicated skinning tracks that are ideal for beginners.
Understanding Snow Conditions
The snow conditions can greatly affect your skinning experience. Ideal conditions are firm, but not icy, and free of deep powder. Powder snow may require wider skis or specialized skins to maintain traction, while icy conditions can make skinning dangerous without proper equipment.
Safety Tips for Skinning Uphill
Know the Terrain
Before venturing out, familiarize yourself with the terrain. Know where you’re going, how to get there, and what obstacles or risks you might encounter. Always carry a map or GPS device to ensure you can navigate safely.
Carry Essential Safety Gear
While skinning uphill, it’s important to carry essential safety gear such as a beacon, probe, and shovel. An avalanche transceiver (beacon) can save your life in case of an avalanche. Make sure you know how to use these tools before heading into the backcountry.
Monitor Weather Conditions
Weather conditions can change rapidly in the mountains. Always check the forecast before heading out and be prepared for sudden storms or shifts in wind. If the weather worsens, know when to turn around and head back to safety.
Stay within Your Limits
Know your physical limits and adjust your climb accordingly. Overexerting yourself can lead to exhaustion, which can be dangerous in the backcountry. Take regular breaks to hydrate and rest your muscles, and avoid climbing too quickly.
Training and Preparation for Skinning Uphill
Physical Fitness
Uphill skinning requires strong legs, endurance, and balance. Prepare by incorporating cardiovascular and strength exercises into your routine. Hiking, running, cycling, and leg strength exercises such as squats and lunges will improve your fitness for uphill travel.
Practice on Short Hills
If you’re new to skinning, start by practicing on shorter and less steep hills. Focus on your technique, balance, and gear adjustments. As you gain confidence, gradually increase the length and difficulty of your climbs.
Learn from Experts
If possible, take a course from a professional instructor who specializes in backcountry skiing or uphill skinning. They can help you fine-tune your technique, teach you essential safety measures, and give you personalized advice.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Skinning Uphill
Incorrect Gear Setup
One of the most common mistakes is improperly setting up your skins, bindings, or ski boots. Double-check your gear before starting your ascent to ensure everything is securely fastened and functioning correctly.
Overexertion
New skinners often push themselves too hard too soon. Remember, skinning is a marathon, not a sprint. Pace yourself to avoid burning out early in the climb.
Improper Technique
Relying on improper technique can lead to inefficient climbing, making it harder than it needs to be. Focus on maintaining a steady rhythm, using a slight forward lean, and keeping your steps small to conserve energy.
Conclusion
Skinning uphill is a rewarding and challenging skill that opens the door to unforgettable backcountry experiences. By following the tips and techniques outlined in this guide, investing in the proper gear, and practicing your skills, you’ll be well on your way to becoming a proficient uphill skier. Always prioritize safety, start slow, and continue to build your endurance and technique. With dedication and the right approach, you’ll be able to enjoy the peaceful solitude of the mountains and the thrill of earning your turns.